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The Bahá'í calendar, also called the Badí‘ calendar (''badí‘'' means ''wondrous'' or ''unique''),〔Buck, Christopher and Melton, J. Gordon (2011). "(Bahā’ī Calendar and Rhythms of Worship )." ''Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays, Festivals, Solemn Observances, and Spiritual Commemorations''. By J. Gordon Melton, with James A. Beverley, Christopher Buck, and Constance A. Jones. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. (1:79–86.).〕 used by Bábism and the Bahá'í Faith, is a solar calendar with years composed of 19 months of 19 days each, (361 days) plus an extra period of "Intercalary Days". Years in the calendar begin at the vernal equinox, and are counted with the date notation of BE (Bahá'í Era), with 21 March 1844 CE being the first day of the first year, the year the Báb proclaimed his religion. The Bahá'í calendar's implementation has changed over time. Initially the calendar was first implemented and used by the Bábí Faith and then adapted for use in the Bahá'í Faith, with some changes. However, the Bahá'í scriptures left a number of issues regarding the implementation of the calendar to be resolved by the Universal House of Justice, the governing body of the Bahá'ís, before the calendar could be observed uniformly worldwide. Until 20 March 2015 the calendar was locked to the Gregorian calendar with the new year always being March 21. However, on 10 July 2014 the Universal House of Justice announced provisions that enabled the common implementation of the calendar worldwide, beginning at sunset 20 March 2015. Since 21 March 2015 the calendar is no longer locked to the Gregorian calendar and the new year will start on the day of the vernal equinox.〔Momen, Moojan (2014). (The Badí` (Bahá'í) Calendar: An Introduction ).〕 The period from 21 March }} to 20 March }} is the year }}-1843}} BE. ==History== The Bahá'í calendar started from the original Badí‘ calendar, created by the Báb in the ''Kitabu'l-Asmá''' and the ''Persian Bayán'' (5:3) in the 1840s. An early version of the calendar began to be implemented during his time. It used a scheme of 19 months of 19 days (19x19) for 361 days, plus intercalary days to make the calendar a solar calendar. The first day of the early implementation of the calendar year was Nowruz, while the intercalary days were assigned differently than the later Bahá'í implementation. The calendar contained symbolic connections to prophecies of the Báb about the next Manifestation of God termed He whom God shall make manifest. Bahá'u'lláh, the founder of the Bahá'í Faith, who claimed to be the one prophesied by the Báb, confirmed and adopted this calendar. Around 1870, he instructed Nabíl-i-A`zam, the author of ''The Dawn-Breakers'', to write an overview of the Badí' calendar.〔 In the ''Kitáb-i-Aqdas'' (1873) Bahá’u'lláh made Naw-Rúz the first day of the year, and also clarified the position of the Intercalary days to immediately precede the last month.〔〔.〕 Bahá'u'lláh set Naw-Rúz to the day on which the sun passes into the constellation Aries. Bahá'ís interpret this formula as a specification of the vernal equinox, though where that should be determined was not defined.〔 The calendar was first implemented in the West in 1907. The Bahá'í scriptures left some issues regarding the implementation of the Badi' calendar to be resolved by the Universal House of Justice before the calendar can be observed uniformly worldwide. On 10 July 2014 the Universal House of Justice announced provisions that will enable the common implementation of the Badi' calendar worldwide, beginning at sunset 20 March 2015,〔 coinciding with the completion of the ninth cycle of the calendar (see below). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bahá'í calendar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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